Indoor Path Loss Measurements and Modeling in an Open-Space Office at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz in the Presence of People

This paper presents path loss models based on extensive propagation measurements performed at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz in a modern indoor office layout typical of small and medium-sized businesses, namely: the open-space office. Measurements were conducted using a vector network analyzer which covers frequencies up to 6 GHz, and ultra-wideband omnidirectional vertically-polarized antennas. The data were recorded under the same conditions and with the same antennas for both 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. 940 transmitter-receiver location and height combinations were studied, as well as antenna configurations in both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight. A second measurement campaign was conducted to quantify the variation amount on the expected power loss in realistic scenarios that include the effect of people movement and showed that the mean path loss further increases by up to 4 dB due to people's presence and movement, with variations up to 9 dB when the activity level is high.