Modeling of a Cardiovascular System to Investigate Factors Affecting Hypertension

In this study, we construct a cardiovascular model considering the interaction of cardiac and vascular systems, and investigate factors affecting hypertension. In the cardiovascular model, stroke volume, the blood volume pumped by a heart per beat, is determined based on the operating conditions of the system. In addition, positions of baroreceptors, pressure sensors of cardiac system, in blood vessels are also considered. Consequently, the functions proportionally controlling the baroreceptor activities and determining the activities of autonomic nerves have significant effects on hypertension, which are comparable to those of aortic stiffness.