Energy Efficient Channel Accessing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of large number of sensors that are deployed in the network with some initial amount of energy. During long run of network, as the energy of the sensor gets drained, recharging it frequently is a difficult task. Thus, there exists a need to efficiently utilize the energy of sensors. To address this challenge, a variety of channel accessing protocols have been proposed. But the effect of starvation of nodes and their need to access the channel is less emphasized in any of them. In this paper, an Energy Efficient Channel Accessing protocol (EECA protocol) is proposed to reduce collisions between the nodes and address the above issues. As a part of EECA protocol, an algorithm is proposed to elect a manager node to schedule other contending nodes according to their priorities. Moreover, there is a high chance of new node to enter into the network which can be malicious. Thus in EECA protocol, Listen and Detect (LnD) method is also proposed for detection of the malicious node. The analysis and comparisons show that the energy consumption and starvation of nodes is considerably reduced in EECA protocol.