Emergency Ancillary Service Provided by Electric Vehicles for Building Integrated Energy System Under the Malfunction of Energy Supply

Building integrated energy system (BIES) is coupled with multiple energy carriers and connected with electric vehicles (EVs), having a higher efficiency and reliability of operation. Considering the features of reducible loads and mobile energy storage devices of EVs, it's possible that EVs provide emergency ancillary service when the energy supply of BIES is malfunctioned. In this paper, the framework of BIES is firstly established and modeled. For the sake of exploiting EVs to provide emergency ancillary service for the building, an optimization dispatching model of BIES under different kinds of malfunctioning scenarios of energy supply is set up, aiming at minimizing the cost of building operation. Meanwhile, the curtailment of load demands and battery discharge of EVs can be subsidized. Through the simulation and analysis of the proposed model, the results of case study demonstrate that EV emergency ancillary service can reduce charging loads and provide reserve capacity to BIES when the energy carriers are malfunctioned. The building can maintain supply of heat and electricity without increasing the investment of backup generators and energy storage devices.