Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Human–Machine Symbiosis

The five papers in this special section address the topic of human-machine symbiosis. The field of Computational Intelligence (CI) continues to introduce game-changing and disruptive technologies with the potential for large acceleration of the human-machine symbiosis. Deep learning is resulting in machines that are smarter and adaptive. Fuzzy systems offer opportunities to provide more human-like processing and transparency for humans to understand what their machine counterparts are doing. Evolutionary computation can be used to optimize and adapt these systems. Swarm intelligence offers the foundation for effective machine teaming. Behavioral analytics using CI can be used to convert low-level actions by both humans and machines into high-level meaning. Yet, the literature on the use and effect of these tools on human-machine symbiosis is dispersed over scientific areas and researchers. This special issue aims to help foster a synergy of thought in this emerging direction.