An inset fed square microstrip patch antenna to improve the return loss characteristics for 5G applications

In this study, a square microstrip patch antenna operating in millimeter wave frequencies with improved return loss characteristics is proposed. The proposed patch antenna operates at 30 GHz which is among the projected 5G communication frequencies and has a novel geometry with diamond-shaped slots. The first design in this work is a conventional inset fed square microstrip patch antenna. It has a quarter wavelength impedance matching line. The dimensions are determined according to the usual design considerations. Low return loss and high bandwidth requirements motivates us to modify the antenna design. Therefore, we add diamond - shaped slots on the patch which leads to an additional increase in the system bandwidth as much as 46 MHz and a reduction in the return loss level up to 10.751 dB. Due to these novel characteristics, the proposed patch antenna design is conjectured to be a suitable candidate to address the requirements of 5G communication systems. The operating frequency of the proposed antenna can be tuned by changing the geometrical dimensions from microwave to the THz region.