Comparison of direct and indirectly liquid-cooled coreless linear actuators with multi-layer coils

This paper describes the comparison between direct and indirectly liquid-cooled topologies for coreless linear motors with multiple coil layers. The electromagnetic force production is obtained by 3-D magnetic scalar potential modeling whereas thermal modeling is performed by 3-D finite element and volume methods. The power dissipation and force density of each topology is investigated for different pole pitches and wire configurations.