Dual-frequency oil spill detection algorithm

In this paper, we present a drone dual-frequency technique in order to detect thick oil slicks in ocean. From physical point of view, the problem is considered to be a multi-layers wave surface scattering model where we study the reflection of the electromagnetic (EM) waves from the sea layer covered by oil layer. The electrical properties and the physical characteristics are defined for the layers at the boundaries where interaction with EM waves occurs. The statistical characterization of the reflectivity and its distribution under various scenarios are used in the detection algorithm. The mathematical model solution for the different Maxwell's equations governing the EM fields in the layers is obtained numerically using HFSS that incorporates finite element method.