Analysis and effects of speckle noise in SAR images

In the field of image restoration, noise plays the most prominent role. Speckle noise is a granular pattern, special kind of noise that mainly found in the satellite images, removing such noise is one of the major challenge and least touched issue. These satellite images are captured by special kind of radar named as Synthetic Aperture Radar. Speckle noise is an undesirable effect. The source of this type of noise is caused due to random interference between the coherent returns issued from the so many scatterers present on a earth surface, on the scale of a wavelength of the incident radar wave. In general, speckle noise is the grainy salt-and-pepper pattern present in radar imagery. This paper analyses the effects of speckle noise into the SAR image using probability density function.