Array based passive radar target localization

In this paper, a procedure for target localization with digital television based passive radar is developed. Considerations for beamforming, including array calibration and range-Doppler processing are presented, which establish a comprehensive framework for determining the 3D position of a target in space. Experimental validation of these concepts using a 6 element linear array demonstrates angular localization accuracy far exceeding the resolution capabilities of the array itself. These results were verified with air truth provided by an automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) system on board a commercial flight. Assuming knowledge of the target's elevation angle, location accuracies within 100 m were obtained for an Airbus A320 air target at a range of 6 km.