Reliability Evaluation of Double 12-Pulse Ultra HVDC Transmission Systems

Double 12-pulse ultra HVDC transmission systems of ±800 kV and ±660 kV have larger transmission capacities, more complicated configurations, more complex operation modes, and more components, in comparison to ±500 kV or less HVDC transmission systems. Hence, the reliability evaluation of the ultra HVDC transmission system is more complicated than that of the HVDC system. To thoroughly describe different operating modes, this paper presents two new reliability measures for ultra HVDC transmission systems, that is, partial monopole forced outage times and partial bipole-forced outage times. Reliability evaluation models for individual subsystems, including converter transformers (CT), ac filters, converter valve groups, and smoothing reactors have been built considering operation modes and configuration characteristics. In particular, the reliability model of the CT subsystem was built by considering the type and the number of standby CTs, and that of the ac filter subsystem was built by considering the capacity state table of filters. A reliability evaluation model for ultra HVDC transmission systems was proposed by combining reliability logic relationships among subsystems and using the state enumeration method. Case studies of practical ultra HVDC transmission systems illustrate the correctness of indices and the proposed models. In addition, sensitivity analysis and standby analysis of major components were also conducted.