A stochastic microgrid operation scheme to balance between system reliability and greenhouse gas emission

Implementing renewable generation becomes one of the most practical approaches to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for the power sector. A microgrid, with its flexible scale and structure, can be a good platform to integrate distributed conventional and renewable generation resources. In this paper, a stochastic operation scheduling scheme is proposed to co-optimize carbon emissions and generation fuel costs while mitigating the impact of the intermittence of renewable energy. Two different stochastic approaches based on Sample Average Approximation and Probabilistic Constrained Stochastic Programming are formulated. Corresponding solution methods are developed and implemented in an experimental microgrid to illustrate and compare the effectiveness of different stochastic models for the intended applications.