Optimal load frequency control in interconnected power system using PID controller based on particle swarm optimization

Today load frequency control is becoming more important and significant in interconnected power system design and operation due to the complexity of power systems, changing structure, and emerging renewable energy sources. This paper presents an application of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for determining the optimal values for the proportional-integral-derivation (PID) controller for a load frequency control (LFC) of two-area interconnected power system having diverse sources of power generation. This method is compared to the traditional Ziegler-Nichols method. In order to analyze the load frequency control we propose to use a new method based on the implicit integration Trapezoidal rule and the iterative Newton-Raphson method. The two area power system is simulated for different load disturbances. The main primary objective is to suppress all the fluctuation of the system frequency and tie line power flow and the proposed method has proven to be very efficient.