Calibration of Electromagnetic Dot Sensor—Part 2: D-Dot Mode

Theoretical and experimental calibration studies are presented in this paper pertaining to the EM-dot in D-dot mode. Calibration theories are verified with experimental calibration studies. Absolute measurements are accurate to within a 1.3% in D-dot mode based on the entire history of the calibration signal originating and terminating in noise. More significantly, within a 95% noise confidence interval, the EM-dot tracks the reference test stand signal over 78.2% of the entire history of the calibration pulse stimulus.