Contents I. Introduction
In recent years, the popularity of mobile satellite communication systems has steadily increased, and the flat panel antenna has received a significant amount of attentions in this field due to the advantages of high gain, high efficiency, low profile, and compact size [1], [2]. As we know, micro strip antennas have been extensively employed as the array element due to the advantages of small size, light weight, easy manufacture and low profile. However, some drawbacks such as high losses including ohm loss, dielectric loss, radiation loss and small power capacity, limit its applications because of low efficiency in the higher frequencies like Ku or Ka band. To achieve high gain and high efficiency, reflector antennas have been successfully applied to many communication fields in the past. While large volume and high profile limit its applications. In contrast, flat panel antenna can provide greater agility, high efficiency, much lower profile and compact size [1]–[7].
