Embroidered wearable antennas using conductive threads with different stitch spacings

This paper is focused on using conductive threads to design flexible antennas with textile features which means antennas can be embroidered directly into normal clothes. The fabric microstrip antennas are made from commercial conductive threads. The gain and efficiency of fabric antennas have been measured and compared with a reference copper patch antenna. Effects from different stitches geometries within the fabric antenna are discussed. The results demonstrate the feasibility of wearable antennas.