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Simple method to adjust polarization dependence in polymeric arrayed waveguide gratings


Abstract:

Polarization-dependent wavelength shift of a birefringent-polymeric arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is found to be adjusted simply by controlling the thickness of the fir...Show More

Abstract:

Polarization-dependent wavelength shift of a birefringent-polymeric arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) is found to be adjusted simply by controlling the thickness of the first upper cladding layer while forming the upper cladding by several sublayers. Polarization-dependent wavelength shift is reduced to 0.08 from 4.24 nm in a birefringent-polymeric 16 /spl times/ 16 channel AWG on a silicon substrate by this method.
Published in: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters ( Volume: 15, Issue: 7, July 2003)
Page(s): 927 - 929
Date of Publication: 31 July 2003

ISSN Information:

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I. Introduction

Polymeric waveguide devices with economic merits based on the simple fabrication process have been studied in many research groups, and developed up to commercial products such as thermooptic (TO) switches and variable optical attenuators [1], [2]. Cross-sectional view of a waveguide of the 16 × 16 AWG. Polymeric waveguide devices are, however, in trouble even with their economic merits in expanding their application area into an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) which is used as a multiplexer or a demultiplexer in wavelength-devision-multiplexing (WDM) systems. One of the critical problems with a polymeric AWG is its polarization-dependent wavelength characteristics which is as high as several nanometers [3], [4], while the polarization dependence of a silica AWG on a silicon substrate is as low as about 0.35 nm [5]. Polarization dependence of 0.1 nm was realized in a silica AWG on a silicon substrate by various methods such as inserting a half-wave plate across the channel waveguide gratings [5], or by compensating thermal stress induced by the mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the silicon substrate and the silica film [6].

Cites in Papers - |

Cites in Papers - IEEE (6)

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1.
Yoshie Morimoto, Hitomi Matsui, Makoto Hikita, Takaaki Ishigure, "Polarization Dependence of Optical Properties of Single-Mode Polymer Optical Waveguides Fabricated Under Different Processes at 1310/1550 nm", Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol.38, no.14, pp.3670-3676, 2020.
2.
Min-Suk Kwon, Sang-Yung Shin, "Characteristics of polymer waveguide notch filters using thermooptic long-period gratings", IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, vol.11, no.1, pp.190-196, 2005.
3.
Min-Suk Kwon, Sang-Yung Shin, "Tunable polymer waveguide notch filter using a thermooptic long-period grating", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.17, no.1, pp.145-147, 2005.
4.
M. Huang, "Analytical solutions for thermal stresses in buried channel waveguides", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol.40, no.11, pp.1562-1568, 2004.
5.
Joon Tae Ahn, S. Park, Jung Yun Do, Jong-Moo Lee, Myung-Hyun Lee, Kyong Hon Kim, "Polymer wavelength channel selector composed of electrooptic polymer switch array and two polymer arrayed waveguide gratings", IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol.16, no.6, pp.1567-1569, 2004.
6.
Jong-Moo Lee, Suntak Park, Min-su Kim, Joon Tae Ahn, Myung-Hyun Lee, "Birefringence as a function of upper-cladding sub-layers in polymeric waveguides", Optical Fiber Communication Conference, 2004. OFC 2004, vol.1, pp.98-, 2004.

Cites in Papers - Other Publishers (6)

1.
Md. Faruque Hossain, Hau Ping Chan, Abbas Z. Kouzani, "Efficient design of polarization insensitive polymer optical waveguide devices considering stress-induced effects", Optics Express, vol.22, no.8, pp.9334, 2014.
2.
Md. Faruque Hossain, Hau Ping Chan, Mohammad Afsar Uddin, "Study of optical anisotropies in benzocyclobutene thin films for the efficient design of optical waveguide devices", Optics Express, vol.18, no.9, pp.8896, 2010.
3.
Zheng-Kun Qin, Chun-Sheng Ma, De-Lu Li, Da-Ming Zhang, Shi-Yong Liu, "Analysis for fabrication errors of arrayed waveguide grating multiplexers", Optics & Laser Technology, vol.40, no.2, pp.235, 2008.
4.
Jong-Moo Lee, Yong-Soon Baek, Kwang-Ryong Oh, Hyung-Jong Lee, Yong-Seok Kim, "Temperature dependence of low loss polymeric AWG", Optics Communications, vol.270, no.2, pp.189, 2007.
5.
Jong-Moo Lee, Joon Tae Ahn, Suntak Park, Myung-Hyun Lee, "Athermalized Polymeric Arrayed-Waveguide Grating by Partial Detachment from a Si Substrate", ETRI Journal, vol.26, no.3, pp.281, 2004.
6.
Jong-Moo Lee, Suntak Park, Min-su Kim, Joon Tae Ahn, Myung-Hyun Lee, "Birefringence as a function of upper-cladding layers in polymeric arrayed waveguide gratings", Optics Communications, vol.232, no.1-6, pp.139, 2004.
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