Study on the Surface Ash Accumulation Characteristics of Different Types of Photovoltaic Cells and its Effect on Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency

Driven by the goal of carbon neutrality and carbon peaking, the problem of massive ash accumulation on the surface of solar panels, which seriously restricts the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, can no longer be ignored. Panel surface ash accumulation has obvious negative effects on the application of photovoltaic power generation projects. In this paper, we firstly set up an indoor ash accumulation test bench to conduct ash accumulation experiments on mono-crystalline silicon, poly-crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon. In this paper, the effect of dust accumulation on power generation efficiency is verified by comparing the maximum output power at clean time with the power after dust accumulation, and it is concluded that dust accumulation reduces the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels. Through the experiments on the relationship between different tilt angles and ash accumulation, it is verified by the experimental data on dust accumulation density and output power that the highest dust accumulation density and the lowest photovoltaic conversion efficiency are obtained at a tilt angle of 15°. Through the amorphous silicon super-hydrophobic and super-hydrophilic coating measurement performance experiments, it is found that the coating can make the photovoltaic cells accumulate less dust.