Small Compact Spiral Implanted Antenna With the Defected Ground Structure for Leadless Pacemaker Application

This paper presents the design of implanted antennas in the heart muscle for pacemakers using the miniaturization of a spiral antenna. The proposed antenna works within the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) band (402–405 MHz). The antenna radius is 6.74 mm with 164.3 mm
³
, with a spiral patch shape and Defected Ground Structure (DGS) to achieve the desired frequency. The antenna was developed and tested. The antenna has successfully worked on the MICS band frequency of 403 MHz from the phantom's simulation results and testing. The antenna was fabricated and tested using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). Testing with phantom was carried out using pork. A heart phantom that is integrated with the antenna affects the frequency response. The results obtained are by ITU standardization and antennas for medical implant applications.