Hyperstructure Realizing the Second Harmonic Generation and Its Application to Multiwindow and Multibiomass Sensing

A novel hyperstructure (HS) based on periodically poled strontium barium niobate (SBN) is proposed for second harmonic generation (SHG), showcasing its multifunctionality in multiwindow and multibiomass sensing applications. Through meticulously designed HS, distinct measurement windows are achieved in both the fundamental wave (FW) and the second harmonic wave (SHW). Within the FW window, a refractive index (RI) range of 1.35–1.4 is measured, enabling the differentiation of various stages of malaria by detecting the RI of red blood cells. The SHW window facilitates RI measurements in the range of 1.53–1.56, allowing the discrimination between healthy and malignant cells by detecting the RI of cell nuclei. Furthermore, the HS proposed enables the measurements of the thickness of air film, with measurement ranges of 9–
$9.5 \; \mu $
m for the FW and 9.5–
$10.1 \; \mu $
m for the SHW. The multifunctionality of this HS demonstrates extensive potential applications in medical diagnostics and beyond. Additionally, it presents an approach for real time and label-free detection in the field of biomedical research.