A Novel One-aptamer-one-antibody Assay for Detection of Alpha Defensins HNP 1-3 in Synovial Fluid for Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections

This study reports a novel approach for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) using a high-affinity aptamer "6J" targeting the alpha defensins (AD) human neutrophil protein (HNP) 1-3 complex. The aptamer was integrated into a one-aptamer-one-antibody assay, demonstrating 100% accuracy in clinical samples without further dilution. This innovative method offers advantages over traditional ELISA kits, including reduced background signals and a broad dynamic range for precise quantification.