Accurate noise measurements of superconducting quasiparticle array mixers

We have constructed a 30-40 GHz test apparatus which allows us to measure the noise temperatures of SIS mixers with an accuracy of better than ±1K. This is a factor of six improvement over earlier measurements. The most accurate measurement made thus far of a mixer which uses a single Pb-alloy junction yielded T
m
= 9.2 ± 0.9 K; and mixer gain: G
m
= 0.240 ± 0.005. In addition, SIS mixers employing arrays of N = 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 tunnel junctions in series have been tested. The input power required to saturate the array mixers was found to increase as N
²
and the gain and noise temperature of the array mixers were independent of N.