Widebeam Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Wide-Angle Beam-Scanning Phased Array Based on Electromagnetic Complementarity Principle

A widebeam dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) based on electromagnetic complementarity principle (EMCP) is investigated for wide-angle beam-scanning applications. A pair of horizontal metal strips right above the DRA are fed by this DRA, which can be considered as an electric dipole (E-dipole) in the y-direction. The fundamental TE
$^{\mathrm {x}}_{\delta 11}$
mode of the DRA radiates like a magnetic dipole (M-dipole) in the x-direction. Hence, orthogonal and horizontally placed equivalent E-dipole and M-dipole are obtained, thus constructing an electromagnetic complementary source (EMCS). Different phase differences between the E-dipole and M-dipole correspond to different radiation performances. In order to achieve excellent widebeam performance, the distance between the E-dipole and M-dipole is adjusted to
$0.36\lambda _{0}$
to realize the phase difference of approximately 130°, so that this DRA has wide half power beamwidth (HPBW) of 202° in the E-plane and 192° in the H-plane. The E-plane and H-plane eight-element linear phased arrays formed by this DRA are further presented, realizing a scanning range of ±80° with 1.5-dB gain fluctuation and a scanning range of ±60° with 2-dB gain fluctuation, respectively. For demonstration, the widebeam DRA and the E-plane phased array are fabricated and measured, which shows that the measured results have a great agreement with the simulated ones.