A Comparative Assessment of the Optimization Algorithms in Real Time Coordination of DOCRs

The Coordinating directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) in a mesh system with various sources is a difficult and time-consuming restricted optimization problem. Over the last decade, DOCR coordination has been primarily done manually. However, recent initiatives have attempted to overcome this by treating the coordination of directed overcurrent relays in an electric power system as an optimization problem. The major purpose is to identify the best configuration for DOCRs, which minimizes relay operating time for faults within their assigned protection zones while ensuring proper relay coordination. The primary goal of this coordination challenge is to avoid relay breakdowns and unnecessary separation of the system’s healthy components. To address this issue, a methodology has been created that entails constructing an algorithm capable of coordinating directional overcurrent relays using an optimization approach. This systematic method attempts to improve the efficiency and accuracy of DOCR coordination by streamlining the process and decreasing the human work that has historically been associated with it.