Indoor Panel-Based Photovoltaic Emulation Method Implementation and Evaluation

Due to the rising demand for green energy, solar photovoltaic (PV) power has become more widely used, and controllable PV emulation is crucial for testing the power converters used to regulate and optimize PV power generation. This work presents the implementation and results evaluation of a cost-effective, controllable indoor PV emulation method, which shows an error of less than 0.5% around the maximum power point of a PV module. Compared with other controllable PV emulation methods that require costly specialized equipment, such as programmable power supplies or realtime simulation, this method uses standard lab equipment while providing high-accuracy dc characteristics.