Satellite-Based Emitter Geolocation via Second-Order Cone Programming Initialization

This letter proposes a novel initialization approach for satellite-based emitter geolocation utilizing convex optimization. We reformulate the non-convex geolocation problem into a convex form and solve it using second-order cone programming (SOCP). The resulting solution serves as the initial value for the original geolocation problem, which is then resolved through an iterative method. Simulation results confirm that this approach achieves stable convergence and maintains high accuracy across extensive areas. Notably, the method consistently converges to the true emitter location, even when the emitter is more than 300 km from the sub-satellite point.