Application of PID Controller Tuning Method for Load Frequency Control in Multi Area Power System at Different Load Conditions

AGC which is also termed as LFC i.e. load frequency control, employs mathematical modelling to understand the dynamics of power generation and load fluctuations. The classical second-order system featuring a governor and turbine serves as a widely adopted model for single-area load frequency management. However, this study focuses on a two-area electrical power system. Utilizing a hit-&-trial approach, the MATLAB/SIMULINK model integrates PI and PID controllers to regulate the frequency and transmission line (Tie line) of the two-area power system. Furthermore, it conducts a comparative analysis of the two controllers using the PID-tuned technique, thereby facilitating further validation or fine-tuning of the precision of the assigned value for the system-stabilizing controller. The PID controller is tasked with adjusting the output of generators, transformers, or other components to maintain the desired operating conditions. As a well-established feedback control method, the Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller is used broadly across various sectors. Despite its historical significance in control systems, its application is expected to evolve alongside advancements in technology and control methodologies in the future.