An Extensive Review of Intelligent Deep Learning Based Anomaly Detection and Classification of 3D MRI Brain Imaging Data

MRI - Magnetic Resonance Imaging is one of the frequently employed imaging modalities for brain anomaly detection. MRI produces a massive quantity of data, which includes a consecutive set of scans taken at several time instants. Since the existence of brain anomalies that exists examined on every MR sequence, manual brain anomaly detection necessitates anatomical knowledge, costly, laborious, and inaccurate due to human error. Automatic brain anomaly segmentation from 3D Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) is essential to perform proper diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment planning of the disease. However, owing to the structural difficulties such as hazy boundaries with uneven shapes, precise 3D brain tumor demarcation is interesting. With the recent developments of Deep Learning (DL) models, this research study reviews the recent brain anomaly detection and classification models based on DL approach with 3D MRI data. The existing techniques related to brain tumor segmentation, classification, and validations are reviewed. Every reviewed technique is investigated based on the aim, underlying technique used, dataset, and evaluation parameters. Besides, a comparison table is provided by summarizing the reviewed techniques under several aspects. Finally, a quick analysis of the evaluated techniques' results is conducted to gauge their effectiveness.