Comparative Study of Circular and Rectangular Microstrip Patch antennas in Wi-Fi Band

The growing ubiquity of Wi-Fi has necessitated the development of small and effective antenna designs, especially microstrip patch antennas. In the Wi-Fi frequency range of 2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz, this paper compares the performance of circular and rectangular microstrip patch antennas. The study aims to evaluate their performance regarding radiation characteristics, gain, and bandwidth to help choose antennas for Wi-Fi applications. According to the results, the rectangular patch antenna with a rectangular slot outperforms the circular patch antenna with a rectangular slot regarding return loss, coming in at roughly −37.07 dB. Furthermore, the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)value of the rectangular patch antenna is 1.02, which is higher than that of the circular patch antenna, which is 1.34. The rectangular patch antenna has the most excellent radiation efficiency (64.5%) and offers the broadest bandwidth (about 115 MHz). Engineers and researchers looking to enhance antenna designs for Wi-Fi applications can learn much from this study by considering variables like radiation efficiency, bandwidth, VSWR, and return loss.