Optimization of Three-Ring Concentric Circular Antenna Arrays for Maximum Side Lobe Level Reduction

This study focuses on the perfect creation of concentric circular antenna arrays (CCAAs) regardless of the presence of a central feeding element. The main goal is to find the current excitation weights and ring radius that minimize side lobe level (SLL) as much as possible. These concentric circular antenna arrays can be utilized in various applications, including mobile cognitive radio ad hoc networks and smart grids. The Taguchi method was employed as the optimization strategy. Detailed numerical results indicate that the CCAA, when fed by a yield element, significantly lowers the SLL compared to a similar array without a central feeding element. Moreover, a specific CCAA configuration, consisting of 4, 6, and 8 components in three succeeding loops and a central feeding component, achieves the lowest SLL of -35.70 dB.