A Low Carbon Demand Response Approach via Road Tolls in Traffic-Power Coupled System

Electric vehicles are renowned for their notable attributes of minimal consumption of energy and advantageous effects on the environment. Within the existing power distribution network (PDN), managers prioritize the minimization of operational costs by relying predominantly on inexpensive power generated from thermal power units. However, they tend to overlook the potential long-term advantages associated with low-carbon dispatch. This study presents an innovative framework that integrates the equilibrium-based traffic assignment problem with low-carbon demand response methods. The solving of the traffic assignment problem yields the optimal decision for charging and route choices for electric vehicle users. The interdependence of user choices leads to the establishment of a game equilibrium state. Social managers utilize local marginal emission to efficiently regulate the efficient flow of traffic within transportation network (TN), which is tightly connected to the charging load, with the help of implementing EVCS charging prices and road tolls. The presented example outcomes illustrate the efficacy of the algorithm and highlight the balance between carbon reduction and economic considerations. Simultaneously, empirical evidence demonstrates that the manipulation of charging prices and road toll adjustments exerts a substantial influence on the traffic flow. Consequently, it becomes imperative to engage in collaborative decision-making that integrates both networks in order to effectively address this issue.