A Novel Beluga Whale Optimization and Loss Sensitivity Factor Method for Optimal Capacitors Placement in Radial Distribution Systems

In this study, a novel optimization algorithm, namely the Beluga Whale Optimization Algorithm (BWO) with Loss sensitivity factor (LSF) is employed to determine the optimal locations and sizes of capacitors in radial distribution system. The objective is to enhance the voltage profile and curtail active power losses by strategically placing capacitors at suitable locations and determining their optimal sizes. Through extensive simulations, the performance of BWO is evaluated and contrasted with other conventional metaheuristic methods. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of all algorithms in enhancing the voltage profile and reducing power losses. Nonetheless, BWO demonstrates faster convergence and higher solution quality in comparison. The algorithm intelligently explores the solution space, adapting the concepts of bubble-net feeding and echolocation employed by beluga whales. This enables BWO to converge efficiently towards the global optimum, outperforming other optimization methods in most scenarios. We have opted to utilize two IEEE test bus systems, namely IEEE 33 and IEEE 69, to implement the suggested technique. These systems have been specifically designed to closely replicate real-world distribution network scenarios, thus ensuring accurate testing and evaluation.