Comparative Analysis of Multi Objective Node Placement Strategies in Wireless Sensor Networks

Real-world service providers in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) face the challenge of balancing two important considerations: achieving a high coverage and extending the network’s lifespan. The optimization problem of coverage in WSN holds significant importance as it aims to achieve a balance between network lifetime and coverage. This encompasses the reduction of energy consumption, the enhancement of coverage rate, and the optimization of energy consumption balance. Although heterogeneities are acknowledged and addressed in certain aspects of WSNs, such as routing protocols, researchers tend to overlook their significance when it comes to node placement or deployment. This research presents a comparative examination of multi-objective node placement algorithms in WSNs, specifically focusing on their performance in heterogeneous circumstances. However, the impact of an asymmetric link, which may vary depending on the node, is not well considered in heterogeneous WSNs. The detrimental effects of link heterogeneity on the performance of deployment methods have been observed. Our investigation revealed that the thought-out strategy for exploiting heterogeneity was not used. The implementation of sensor networks based on 6G technology in smart city applications necessitates the utilization of diverse sensor nodes. In order to achieve optimal resource usage, it is imperative to take into account the heterogeneity of nodes during the deployment process.