Wide Area Measurement-Based Cyber-Attack-Resilient Breaker Failure Protection Scheme

Breaker Failure Protection trips the backup breakers when the primary breaker fails, causing a significant loss of load. Hence, a cyber-attack on the Breaker Failure Protection scheme may lead to major disturbance in a power system. Currently, there is a lack of literature addressing the cyber-attack on Breaker Failure Protection scheme. This paper proposes a novel Wide Area Measurement-based cyber-attack-resilient Breaker Failure Protection scheme. Modern digital relays have Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) integrated with them. A digital relay with PMU functionality is called Relay-PMU in this work. The proposed scheme has two parts. Part 1 is named as Synchrophasor-based Fault Validation Algorithm. It checks whether the Breaker Failure Protection operation is genuine or due to a cyber-attack. Breaker Failure Protection Relay-PMU will trigger the Part 1 of the proposed scheme which runs in a Phasor Data Concentrator. A novel concept named Dynamic Relay White-listing is proposed to avoid the usage of phasors from the susceptible Relay-PMUs. Part 2 is the modifications to the logics of the existing common Breaker Failure Protection schemes to incorporate the decision from the Synchrophasor-based Fault Validation Algorithm. The proposed scheme is computationally efficient and compatible with all common Breaker Failure Protection schemes. PSCAD simulations of the IEEE-118 bus system validate the proposed scheme. The execution time of the proposed scheme in the lab implementation setup adheres to the timeline of the Breaker Failure Protection scheme.