Apollo’s Unheard Voices: Graph Attention Networks for Speaker Diarization and Clustering for Fearless Steps Apollo Collection

Speaker diarization has traditionally been explored using datasets that are either clean, feature a limited number of speakers, or have a large volume of data but lack the complexities of real-world scenarios. This study takes a unique approach by focusing on the Fearless Steps APOLLO audio resource, a challenging data that contains over 70,000 hours of audio data (A-11: 10k hrs), the majority of which remains unlabeled. This corpus presents considerable challenges such as diverse acoustic conditions, high levels of background noise, overlapping speech, data imbalance, and a variable number of speakers with varying utterance duration. To address these challenges, we propose a robust speaker diarization framework built on dynamic Graph Attention Network optimized using data augmentation. Our proposed framework attains a Diarization Error Rate (DER) of 19.6% when evaluated using ground truth speech segments. Notably, our work is the first to recognize, track, and perform conversational analysis on the entire Apollo-11 mission for speakers who were unidentified until now. This work stands as a significant contribution to both historical archiving and the development of robust diarization systems, particularly relevant for challenging real-world scenarios.