Design and development of a Portable and Economical Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Device: Enhancing Emergency Medical Care Accessibility

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a vital emergency procedure used to maintain brain function and facilitate the restoration of normal blood circulation and breathing. Effective CPR involves chest compressions, which should reach a depth of 1.4 to 1.5 inches for women and 1.5 to 2 inches for men, depending on the individual's chest strength and stiffness. The required force for these compressions typically ranges from 475 N to 545 N. However, manual CPR has limitations, as it's challenging for rescuers to consistently achieve the ideal compression depth. Excessive compression, beyond 2.3 inches, can lead to problems such as ribcage failure and lung collapse. To address these issues, a novel device has been developed. It utilizes a slider-crank mechanism powered by DC motor and an air motor, enhancing the principles of CPR. This mechanism efficiently multiplies force by adjusting the motor's speed. The slider, responsible for chest compressions, delivers a precise force of 515 N when the motor generates 51.5 N of force (equivalent to 10.3 Nm of torque). This mechanism has the added benefit of limiting the slider's maximum extension to 1.5° and adapting to the specific force required for chest compression based on the chest's rigidity. For the artificial ventilation component of CPR, the device employs an air motor capable of delivering a controlled airflow at a rate of 340.42 ml/s. This ensures victim receives the necessary volume of air, addressing one of the shortcomings of traditional CPR the rescuer's increased oxygen consumption while enhancing the overall effectiveness of the procedure.