Design of Digital Twin for Safety Systems in Electric Vehicles

This research addresses the crucial need for robust passenger protection systems in EVs. The proposed passenger and vehicle system safety model aligns with the Formula Student rulebook's guidelines. The novel aspect of the research is the creation of a comprehensive safety shutdown circuit for electric vehicles (EVs) through integrating and optimizing numerous safety mechanisms and designing a digital twin model for the same for efficient testing and validation procedures. Using a Simulink model to mimic critical scenarios and evaluate system performance with different test inputs provides a practical application to the research. The proposed shutdown circuit comprises several safety mechanisms, including Low Voltage Master Switch (LVMS), Tractive system master switch (TSMS), Brake System Plausibility Device (BSPD), Insulation Monitoring Device (IMD), Accumulator Management System (AMS), Inertia Switch, Brake over travel switch (BOTS), and interlocks. Each of the elements mentioned is critical for detecting and responding to potential failure hazards which contributes to making the model an efficient and reliable shutdown system. Furthermore, the use of a digital twin safety system modeling technique with a focus on real-time observation via an interactive dashboard distinguishes this research by filling a gap in existing EV safety systems realm helping to promote confidence and acceptance of electric vehicles sustainability transporting goods and passengers for a greener tomorrow.