Smart Agriculture System Design to Realize Food Sustainability Based on LoRa Communication

Increasing agricultural production is a top priority in agricultural development. Efforts to increase rice production include paying attention to irrigation conditions, soil fertility, environmental conditions that affect the flowering process and grain filling. In this implementation, the rice fields will be installed sensor nodes to measure soil fertility, soil moisture, soil pH levels, ambient temperature and humidity, air pressure, and water flow discharge with a voltage source from a 20Wp Solar Panel. Then, the sensor node transmits sensor reading data using LoRa communication. The gateway sends data to the server and database via the MQTT protocol to be displayed on the web server so that farmers can monitor the condition of the rice fields. The website contains information on rice field data and solutions if there are parameters that threaten food production failure. From the experimental results, BME sensor is tested in three conditions i.e., morning, afternoon, and evening with the results are in accordance with environmental conditions. The reading of the soil moisture sensor has an accuracy of 83.64%. The average reading of the pH value on dry, moist, and wet soil is 3.3, 6.27, 7.13 consecutively. The reading of the NPK sensor increases with three soil conditions i.e., dry, moist, and wet. From the results of the water flow sensor readings, the average sensor reading is 177.6 l/hour. Therefore, this system can be used as a preventive measure for farmers in conditions that can reduce rice productivity. Besides that, it can maintain land conditions and minimize crop failure.