Sustainable Energy Efficient Routing Protocol using Chimp algorithm and SOM for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are increasingly being used for various applications, such as environmental monitoring, underwater exploration, and oceanographic research. protocols that consume less energy for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are still a difficult undertaking because of the harsh conditions present underwater and the restricted battery capacity of the sensor nodes. This research paper proposes an optimized multi-Hop routing protocol using Chimp Optimization and Self-Organizing Map (SOM). The proposed technique is compared with three popular routing protocols - AODV, DSDV, and DSR in terms of network lifetime and packet delivery ratio. Chimp Optimization algorithm as well as SOM are used to improve network performance. The findings indicate that the put-forward technique exceeds the performance of existing routing protocols, as it increases network lifetime, PDR and PLR while decreasing packet loss ratio. The network lifetime of the put-forward technique is 1039.42 seconds, which is higher than AODV, DSDV, and DSR. Similarly, the PDR of the proposed technique is 97.38%, which is comparatively higher than the three routing protocols. Moreover, the PLR of the proposed technique is 2.62%, which is much lower than AODV, DSDV, and DSR. The proposed technique based on Chimp Optimization and SOM can effectively optimize the multi-Hop routing protocol in underwater wireless sensor networks to achieve sustainable energy efficiency, thus providing important insights for researchers and practitioners to enhance the performance of underwater wireless sensor networks.