Ultrasensitive Retinomorphic Dim-Light Vision with In-Sensor Convolutional Processing Based on Reconfigurable Perovskite-Bi2O2Se Heterotransistors

For the first time, reconfigurable organic-inorganic heterotransistors that are simultaneously capable of ultrasensitive dim-light sensing and efficient in-sensor convolutional processing have been rationally designed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed perovskite-Bi
2
O
2
SC heterojunctions exhibit salient features such as gate-tunable band alignment, positive-negative bipolar photoresponse, and interlayer hot-carrier transfer, which achieve the record-high bipolar photoresponsivity of 5.1×10
⁷
A/W, the specific detectivity of 3.2×10
¹⁵
Jones, and the dynamic range of 106 dB. The perovskite-Bi
2
O
2
Se heterotransistor arrays are experimentally demonstrated to effectively perform in-situ analog multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations to extract key spectral and spatial characteristics from the sensed images, even in the dim-light condition of 0.1 μW/cm
²
. which are then employed in an in-sensor edge computing to recognize traffic lights and deliver exceptional recalls of 98.5%, 91.4%, and 95.6% for green, red, and yellow lights, respectively.