Medium and Low Voltage Distribution Network Model

The increase in the consumption of electric energy and the connection of renewable energy sources (RES) to the distribution networks (DN) of low and medium voltage, requires tools and models with which to evaluate the loads and power quality in the branches and nodes of the electricity supply systems. A model of DN is developed and presented in this paper which can simulate variable operating regimes both of the loads and of the sources. A battery energy storage system (BESS) is connected to one of the modelled substations and can be considered either a source or a consumer of energy i.e., a distributed energy resource (DER) is present. Thus, the model can be utilized to study the behavior of DN in terms of voltage quality, levels of reactive power, and to test different control algorithms if there are the digital substations and smart grid.