Impact of Electric Vehicles on Load Frequency Control in an Interconnected Two-Area Restructured Power System

Electric vehicles (EVs) can be used smartly in Vehicle to grid mode (V2G) mode for Load Frequency Control (LFC) in the power system. EVs act as a distributed storage devices and has capability of providing frequency regulation task as it can rapidly adjust its charging or discharging power. In this paper, two area AGC restructured system is modified by including Electric vehicle aggregator (EVA) along with conventional sources (CS). The DISCO participation matrix concept is used to model Poolco and bilateral contract in two area system along with EVs. Integral controller gains parameters maintain the system frequency and tie line power to their nominal values when subjected under various disturbances. Simulation for Poolco and bilateral contract cases is carried out and results shows that this proposed system decreases the burden on CS and it retains back transient response of area frequencies, tie-line powers, and power generation of thermal plant to its nominal value in fractions of seconds. The effectiveness of EVs power assistance for load frequency control in the system has been validated through simulation results under various cases of power transaction.