Design of Phase Array Antenna for Enhanced Performance in 5G Communication Systems

In this paper, the design of the Phase Array Antenna for the 5G application has been presented. The antenna uses multiple applications in 5G communication for multiple locations. The proposed antenna performs better in terms of increased operational bandwidth in comparison with conventional antenna array designs to determine the high-bandwidth signal by increasing the gain of the desired direction using the technique of phase shifting. Based on the theoretical and simulation results, phase array-based antennas deliver a significant increase in bandwidth performance and phase-shifting characteristics of array elements with increasing gain. In 5G communication, the FR1 and FR2 frequency ranges are used for multiple-band purposes. This antenna offers a multi-band characteristic to its design and can operate in 5G communication technology bands as FR1 and FR2 frequency ranges. In FR1, the frequency band can operate at 5.5 GHz to 6.1 GHz, and in FR2, the frequency band is 25 GHz to 40 GHz, achieving good bandwidth performance and increasing gain characters for the radiation pattern on the signals. Based on these characteristics, the single element is further constructed into a multi-element (two, four, and eight, etc.) linear array for design simulation and fabrication processing. The antenna design is simulated in CST Microwave Studio. These results prove that the proposed antenna design can be used for 5G technology applications in microwave and millimetre-wave bands.