Fully Monolithic 1A Thermoelectric Cooler Controller with 90% Efficiency

A fully monolithic thermoelectric cooler (TEC) controller is designed and implemented to provide fixed as well as pre-programmed DC voltage to the TEC in 65 nm CMOS technology with $\mathrm{V}_{D D}$ of 1 V. The on-chip controller incorporates linear and pulse width modulation (PWM) drivers, connected to form an H-bridge driver circuitry. The bridge circuit drives the TEC module with an efficiency of 90%. The proposed monolithic controller includes an on-chip PWM filter to eliminate the output voltage ripple within 1% of $\mathrm{V}_{D D}$. The filtering inductor in the feedback loop is designed using the transconductance-capacitance $\left(\mathrm{G}_{m} \mathrm{C}\right)$ based network to obtain the required inductance of 67 mH and quality factor of 6.9 K. The simulation results exhibit a maximum output current of $1 \mathrm{~A}$ for a temperature range of −20°C to +100°C with $2 \mu \mathrm{A}$ and 0.01% of mean deviation over 6$\sigma$ in a case of output current and efficiency, respectively.