Electric Vehicle Dynamics Emulation with PMSM Sensorless Vector Control

The eminent growth in the electric vehicles (EVs) market requires fast tools for testing and validating control algorithms. Dynamic load emulation (DLE) through rotary electric machines provides a simple and effective solution for control systems validation. Therefore, this article addresses the issue of EVs dynamics emulation using a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). A vehicle electromechanical model is presented to investigate the variables that influence its dynamics. The proposed DLE scheme incorporates a speed-tracking controller, a torque compensator based on the Luenberger observer, and a sensorless control strategy based on the back-electromotive force (BEMF) estimation with a Kalman filter. Simulations with Formula SAE EV parameters are performed to validate the proposed DLE scheme. The simulation results demonstrate the scheme's effectiveness in real-time DLE.