From Rigid to Hybrid/Soft Robots: Exploration of Ethical and Philosophical Aspects in Shifting from Caged Robots to Human-Robot Teaming

This paper delves into the ethical, philosophical, and practical dimensions associated with the transition from caged robots to human-robot teaming (HRT). By exploring the evolving dynamics between humans and robots, this paper examines the ethical challenges, philosophical implications, and practical considerations that arise as collaboration and integration between humans and robots deepen. It emphasises the need for responsible design, implementation, and ethical frameworks to guide the development and deployment of human-robot teams. Particular focus is put into the ethical ramifications of choosing between rigid and soft actuators. The study underscores the significance of employing admittance and impedance control techniques to regulate interaction forces and compliance between humans and robots. By analysing the ethical implications of utilising soft actuators, the paper emphasises the potential advantages, such as enhanced safety and reduced risk of harm during close human-robot collaboration.