Design and Performance Evaluation of a Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna Array for Wireless Application

In this study, a microstrip patch antenna for 5G communications is presented. Due to high demand for satellite communication, there is a requirement for expanding S - band, C-band & X-band of the satellite frequency in the communication industry. The proposed design consists of circular and square patch antenna with rectangular and circular slotting in ground plane. It operates for S-band and C-band at frequencies range of 2GHz to 12GHz. The Proposed antenna is designed on FR-4 (lossy) substrate with a loss tangent of 0.002 and a standard thickness of 1.6 mm. The Simulated Antenna gain achieved are 2.39dBi, 3.56dBi, 1.51dBi, 3.54dBi, 1.42dBi, 1.17dBi) with Return loss-27.92dB, −29.80dB, − 12.48dB, −18.83dB, −18.26dB, −20.87dB) operating at 2.1GHz, 2.5GHz, 2.8GHz, 3.3GHz, 3.7GHz, 4.6GHz respectively. The overall patch dimension is optimized to
$28\text{mm}^{\ast}37\text{mm}$
. For excitation, the technique of Microstrip feeding is employed. The Defected Ground Structure technique is used for enhancing the gain of the proposed antenna. The defect disturbs the shielded current distribution which result in a controlled excitation and propagation of electromagnetic waves through substrate layer. This antenna design is simulated using CST Microwave Studio Software.