Close-to-Metal Applications Antenna for IoT: Concise Overview Through Selection Literature

Antennas in communication systems are critical components, as well as in the Internet of Things (IoT) system. Demand for antennas that could interconnect in varied environmental conditions is even higher due to increasing use cases of interconnection between one device and another in various industrial and household use. In addition to antennas with metric performances that support high requirement challenges, operating well in environments with metal enclosures or obstacles that sometimes cannot be avoided is also crucial. This article reviews some antenna designs for IoT or other telecommunications system applications, especially with metal enclosures or environmental obstacles. Designing antennas with metal enclosure conditions can be done in several ways considering the use case environment, the required metric performances, and the suitable modification and optimization.