Topology Optimization of Axial Flux Machines with a Simplified 2D Finite Element Approximation

This paper introduces a new approach to optimize the torque output of axial flux machines (AFM) through topology optimization, which is a challenging task due to the complex 3D electromagnetic structure of AFMs. To address this challenge, the paper proposes the use of a linear motor model (LMM) technique, which reduces the computational burden by dividing the machine into slices, allowing for topology optimization using a computationally inexpensive simulation.