New Perspectives on Zero Emission Marine Transportation: Offshore Hybrid Energy Refueling System

Pollution caused by marine transportation accounts for 2.5% of global carbon emissions. The carbon emission reduction for marine transportation systems is increasingly concerning. This paper proposes a concept and framework, named offshore hybrid energy refueling system, to provide energy supplementation for ships during navigation to realize zero emissions in marine transportation. The functions and coupling methods of each part of the platform are introduced in detail. Further, optimal operation with adaptive control parameters considering system features is proposed to enhance system performance in long-term operation. The proposed operation method is verified through hardware in the loop experiment.